Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has resigned and left the country on Monday, media reports said, as more 300 people were killed in some of the worst violence since the birth of the South Asian nation more than five decades ago.
The source told AFP “She and her sister have left Ganabhaban (the Prime Minister’s official residence) for a safer place.”
“She wanted to record a speech. But she could not get an opportunity to do that,” the source said.
Addressing the nation, army chief of Bangladesh Waker-Uz-Zaman announced that a political transition is in progress and an interim government will be established. He assured that all cases of murder will be investigated and called for trust in the army.
The Army chief urged citizens to maintain peace and order, emphasizing that cooperation, rather than conflict, is key to preserving the nation’s progress.
General Waqar-uz-Zaman appealed to people to avoid violence and work together to sustain the country’s well-being.
The address came after the deadly protests killed nearly 100 people were killed in fierce clashes taking the total death count to over 300.
Bangladesh is on the boil again with close to 100 people killed on Sunday as protesters, calling for Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s resignation, clashed with security forces and supporters of the ruling party.
Last month, at least 150 people were killed and thousands injured in violence touched off by student groups protesting against reserved quotas in government jobs.
Here are details of the new protests and their history:
CALLS FOR HASINA TO STEP DOWN
The ‘Students Against Discrimination’ group, which was at the forefront of last month’s job quota protests, is leading the latest demonstrations.
The protests to reform the quota system paused after the Supreme Court scrapped most quotas on July 21. Protesters, however, returned last week demanding a public apology from Hasina for the violence, restoration of internet connections, reopening of college and university campuses and release of those arrested.
By the weekend, the demonstrations spiralled into a campaign seeking Hasina’s ouster as demonstrators demanded justice for people killed last month.
The students’ group called for a nationwide non-cooperation movement starting Sunday with a single-point agenda – Hasina must resign.
WHY DO PROTESTERS WANT HASINA’S RESIGNATION?
The protesters blame Hasina’s government for the violence during the protests in July. Hasina’s critics and rights groups have accused her government of using excessive force against protesters, a charge the government denies.
The MSCI index of shares around the rest of the region lost over 2%.
Hasina, 76, and her government initially said students were not involved in the violence during the quota protests and blamed the Islamic party, Jamaat-e-Islami, and the main opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) for the clashes and arson.
But after violence erupted again on Sunday, Hasina said that “those who are carrying out violence are not students but terrorists who are out to destabilise the nation”.
The students group has declined Hasina’s offer for talks to resolve the crisis.
WHAT TRIGGERED THE JOB-QUOTA PROTESTS?
Demonstrations started at university campuses in June after the High Court reinstated a quota system for government jobs, overturning a 2018 decision by Hasina’s government to scrap it.
The Supreme Court suspended the high court order after the government’s appeal and then dismissed the lower court order last month, directing that 93% of jobs should be open to candidates on merit.
FLAGGING ECONOMY, UNEMPLOYMENT
Experts also attribute the current unrest in Bangladesh to stagnant job growth in the private sector, making public sector jobs, with their accompanying regular wage hikes and privileges, very attractive.
The quotas sparked anger among students grappling with high youth unemployment, as nearly 32 million young people are out of work or education in a population of 170 million.
The flagging economy, once among the world’s fastest growing on the back of the country’s booming garments sector, has stagnated. Inflation hovers around 10% per annum and dollar reserves are shrinking.
HASINA WINS JANUARY ELECTION
Hasina retained power for a fourth straight term in a January general election boycotted by BNP, which accused her Awami League of trying to legitimise sham elections.
BNP said 10 million party workers were on the run ahead of the election with nearly 25,000 arrested following deadly anti-government protests on Oct. 28. Hasina blamed the BNP for instigating anti-government protests that rocked Dhaka ahead of the election and left at least 10 people dead.
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