Diabetes pill cuts blood sugar in key trial in children

Novo Nordisk’s oral GLP-1 drug significantly lowered blood sugar levels in children and adolescents with ​type 2 diabetes, meeting the main goal of a late‑stage trial, ‌the drugmaker said on Thursday.

The Danish drugmaker tested the pill in 132 patients aged 10 to 17 over a 26‑week period.

The study showed that patients taking the ​drug lowered their average blood sugar levels by 0.83 percentage ​points more than those given a placebo, a difference the ⁠company said was “statistically significant”.

The trial is the first to test an ​oral GLP‑1 therapy, a drug class best known for blockbuster treatments for ​diabetes and weight loss, in children and adolescents.

Type 2 diabetes, once considered a disease of adults, is increasingly being diagnosed in younger people. About 364,000 children and adolescents ​under the age of 20 in the United States are living ​with diagnosed diabetes, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Treatment options for ‌young ⁠patients remain limited. Doctors typically rely on metformin or insulin, but metformin fails to control blood sugar in roughly half of adolescent patients, while insulin carries risks such as low blood sugar and weight gain.

No oral ​GLP‑1 therapy has ​ever been approved ⁠for use in children or teenagers. Novo Nordisk’s pill could become the first.

The company said it plans to apply ​in the second half of 2026 for regulatory approval ​to ⁠expand the label for its oral semaglutide drugs, Ozempic pill and Rybelsus, in the United States and the European Union.

Positive results in young patients could also ⁠extend ​Novo’s semaglutide franchise beyond adults and strengthen its ​lead over rivals such as Eli Lilly  in diabetes and weight‑loss treatments.