WASHINGTON: Ford Motor and Virginia Tech Transportation Institute are testing a way to enable self-driving vehicles to communicate their movements visually to pedestrians, cyclists and to human drivers, the researchers said on Wednesday.
The new communications method, which uses simple light signals to depict whether a self-driving vehicle is slowing or accelerating, has the potential to become a universal industry standard in all countries, Ford and institute researchers said.
The automaker set out to find “a way to replace the head nod or hand wave” to convey to pedestrians the intent of a driverless vehicle, according to John Shutko, Ford’s human factors technical specialist.
Researchers rejected the use of displayed text because of potential language barriers, and symbols because of their low recognition.
Instead, they settled on visual signals from a light bar placed on the windshield of a Ford Transit Van. A solid white light shows the vehicle is in full autonomous mode, a blinking white light indicates acceleration and a pair of white lights moving side to side signals slowing and stopping.
The specially outfitted Transit Van logged 1,800 miles (2,900 km) in August, much of it in and around Arlington, Virginia, including urban intersections, parking lots and garages.
The aim of the exercise was to capture on video human reactions to both a self-driving vehicle and to the light signals from the windshield.
The van was piloted by a human driver, who wore a camouflaged “seat suit” to simulate a driverless vehicle. The vehicles drew some attention on social and local news media reports.
The research effort supports vehicle manufacturers and users, but also “anyone who walks, rides or drives alongside autonomous vehicles in the future,” said Andy Schaudt, project director at the institute’s Center for Automated Vehicle Systems.
Shutko said “the biggest failure mode” would be if every automaker had a different way of alerting pedestrians of driverless vehicles. The company is working with an industry group and other automakers “to try to gain global consensus.”
Shutko said the company is conscious of the potential backlash to fully self-driving cars.
Ford has set a target of putting a self-driving shuttle into commercial ride-sharing fleets by 2021
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