Gaza needs billions of dollars in international economic aid to compensate for years of restrictions that have stifled its economy and curbed its development, according to a report published on Wednesday by the United Nations trade body.
In its report on the economic development of the Occupied Palestinian Territory for 2022, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) highlighted the dire economic conditions in Gaza, even prior to Israeli strikes on the enclave in reprisal for the deadly Oct. 7 attacks by Hamas gunmen in southern Israel.
“Donors and the international community need to extend significant economic aid to repair the extensive damage Gaza has experienced under prolonged restrictions and closures and frequent military operations, which has stifled the economy and decimated infrastructure,” the report said.
“While donor aid is important to assist the people of Gaza, it should not be viewed as a substitute for ending the restrictions and closures and calling on Israel and all parties to bear their responsibilities under international law,” the report said.
Speaking to reporters in Geneva, Richard Kozul-Wright, director of UNCTAD’s division on globalization and development strategies, said it was difficult to assess how much Gaza would actually need until the current conflict ceases.
“But it’s going to be in the billions of dollars,” he said.
There has also been a steep decline in aid between 2008 and 2022, from $2 billion, or 27% of GDP, to $550 million, or less than 3% of GDP, last year.
Nearly half of Gaza’s population is unemployed, and more than half lives in poverty, the report said.
Although workers in Gaza have been allowed access to the job market in Israel for the first time in recent years, the number of permits issued — around 1% of employed workers in Gaza — are too few to counter poverty.
“Border closures and repeated military operations have set in motion a vicious circle of economic and institutional collapse that has rendered Gaza a case of ‘development in reverse,'” the report said.
“The impact is not confined to the short term. Indirect and long-term effects will reverberate through future generations.”
